80% of children with ADHD are linked to genetic factors

 

80% of children with ADHD are linked to genetic factors　　

Children with ADHD are also known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A happy childhood is a base point for growth, and shaping a healthy and healthy psychological quality is essential for a child's growth. But if children have ADHD, can they still grow up healthily and happily. According to the latest statistics from the United Nations, child ADHD is the most powerful enemy of children's health risks. At present, ADHD patients in China have exceeded 30 million people, and the prevalence rate has reached 5%. In the eyes of school teachers and other parents, children with ADHD Like the sword of Damocles in the class, it can have unpredictable consequences at any time. Data show that 65% of children who have not been treated in time will continue to reach adulthood, and with age , Children with ADHD will also appear more and more social dysfunction. CCTV's "Medical Commentary" series of psychological diseases "Sound of Heart" invited Dr. Cao Qingjiu, director of the Children's Ward of Peking University Sixth Hospital, to answer questions for everyone.

80% of children with ADHD are linked to genetic factors

 ADHD, the full name is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The etiology of this disease is not completely clear at present, but studies have found that the disease may be caused by genetic and environmental interactions. Among its causes, genetic factors account for a large proportion, and genetic factors may account for 80% during the onset of disease. It was clinically found that if this child had a problem with hyperactivity, about one-third of the children's parents also met the diagnosis of ADHD, and his siblings' diagnosis of hyperactivity was 2 to 3 times higher than normal people.

Is the child too lively naughty or ADHD?

 Smoking and drinking during pregnancy or baby born with ADHD

 The cause of the disease is affected by environmental factors. Studies have found, for example, that children are underweight at birth, which may be a factor.

 In addition, during pregnancy, if the mother smokes, drinks, and consumes nicotine, the child may have a higher rate of ADHD after birth, including some pollution in the environment.

 Lead content is too high, children eat too much lead-containing foods, and high blood lead levels in the body may be related to hyperactivity and inattention, which may be a potential cause of ADHD.

 Parental education may also affect the prevalence of ADHD in children.

 Is the child too lively naughty or ADHD?

　　This needs to distinguish which children are naughty and which are children with ADHD. Generally speaking, we can distinguish from the following aspects:

　　First, children with ADHD don't care about their interests and hobbies. They can't concentrate for a long time, no matter when and where. When they are playing games, they can't be fully absorbed, they often quit halfway, and naughty children can calm down when they play games. Naughty children can concentrate on doing what they are interested in, and hate interference and influence from others.

　　Second, children with hyperactivity often act impulsively and lack organization; children with hyperactivity often act without thinking and are very impulsive. They were impatient, emotionally unstable, and suddenly burst into tears, and after a few minutes they talked and laughed like nothing happened. And naughty children often have certain goals and arrangements.

　　Third, active children have the ability to control themselves in a serious and unfamiliar environment, and can maintain a certain degree of peace and security in the corresponding environment. However, children with ADHD do not have this self-control ability and are often annoying. Hyperactive children's attention stays for a short period of time, and it is easy to be distracted by external sounds and other stimuli. Such distraction is unconscious and cannot be controlled.

　　Fourth, the behavior of attention-deficient children is consistent across time and occasions, and naughty behavior is only manifested in specific occasions. For example, the non-listening behavior of children with attention disorder will appear in any class, but only to varying degrees, while naughty children may only show non-listening behavior in a certain class. Attention-deficient children may have difficulty controlling their behavior, whether in their own home, school, or stranger's home, while naughty children may only appear on a specific occasion, such as at home.

ADHD in boys is higher than in girls

 The cause of ADHD is not clear, and both the environment and genes play a role. Environmental factors do include some children with caesarean sections who may have a slightly higher rate of ADHD, but there is no conclusion yet, but ADHD is indeed a disease in boys. The rate is higher. The data shows that if it is a child, the ratio of boys and girls with ADHD is 2: 1. After that, there are more males. The ratio of males to females is about 1.6: 1, so whether it is children Hyperactivity, or hyperactivity in adults, is higher in men.

Hyperactivity performance declines with age

　Because with age, the symptoms of hyperactivity also change. Children who were hyperactive when they were young showed more hyperactivity and impulsiveness, and had a lot of activities. They couldn't be idle and did not consider the consequences. They had some impulsive behaviors. With the increase of age, this kind of hyperactivity and impulsive performance will gradually decrease by puberty, or after adulthood, but his attention deficit problems will become particularly prominent after adulthood. Many adult patients with ADHD No hyperactivity, no impulse, but the inability to concentrate is more obvious, which will have a great impact on his life and his work.

Children with ADHD have a particularly high chance of developing depression as adults

 Because ADHD has a long-lasting and lasting effect on children, it most often affects children's schoolwork. Some children are smart, but because they can't concentrate, their grades are not as good as those of other people with IQ. It will also affect his work, frequent job changes, no more patience and endurance, and lower self-confidence, because he has been more criticized since childhood, family criticism, teacher criticism, and some of his peers' negative Evaluation will cause his self-esteem and self-confidence to be affected, which will directly affect his emotions, leading to an especially high prevalence of anxiety and depression in adults.

　　If at this time the ADHD patient is tempted by the bad external atmosphere, such as smoking, alcohol, drug use, etc., and the child is brought back to the road, many people will ask for some other ways to relieve his anxiety, such as surfing the Internet, so teenagers Or some adults with Internet addiction and excessive Internet use will have more ADHD problems. After the hyperactive patient is an adult, he will always have some confrontation with others. This kind of anti-social behavior will be more, and some people even have illegal behaviors. The most common are driving speeding and not obeying traffic rules. .

How to treat ADHD in children?

 Attention disorder must exist before the age of 12

　　Before the age of 12, there must be some symptoms of hyperactivity, and the doctor diagnosed him with ADHD. Many children can find some hyperactivity and attention problems when they are in kindergarten. Such children often do not Obediently, the requirement that several symptoms exist before the age of 12 conveys the importance of having significant clinical manifestations in childhood. At the same time, because it is difficult to retrospectively determine the exact onset of childhood, there is no need to indicate an earlier age of onset. Adults often have unreliable memories of childhood symptoms, and it is helpful to have supplementary information.

　How to treat ADHD in children?

　　In the United States, it has a statistics. In the 10 years between 1997 and 2008, the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders in children increased by 17% during the 10 years. Then, neurodevelopmental disorders mainly include autism and ADHD. Therefore, the incidence of ADHD is gradually increasing with the development of the times.

　　At present, there are two main treatments for ADHD, one is drug treatment and the other is non-drug treatment. If it is said that children are younger, preschool children are mainly treated with non-drugs. Non-pharmacological treatment, also includes physical treatment methods, the sensory system training that we most often talk about, and EEG biofeedback treatment, which are often used. These are physical treatment methods, which can improve children's hyperactivity and improve them. Attention. We must also pay attention to the management of children's own behaviors, and train parents so that parents can manage their children's behaviors. This is non-drug treatment.

　If it is said that the child is older, especially in the school age, drug treatment may be preferred, because ADHD is considered to have some abnormal brain development, which is different from normal child brain development, including some substances in the brain, neurotransmission The mass content will be lower, and the brain development will be delayed than normal children, so drug treatment has some positive effects on him. Therefore, school-aged children are recommended to use drug treatment, but also combine some non-drug treatments. Overall improvement.

ADHD treatment recommendations suggest early intervention

    

ADHD treatment recommendations suggest early intervention

　For the treatment of ADHD, it is currently recommended that the earlier the intervention, the better, and the earlier the intervention will have less impact on the child. For example, as a child, although his hyperactivity and attention deficit did not affect his grades, it would affect the parent-child relationship and the relationship with the teacher. The best treatment time for children with ADHD is 5-8 years old. The earlier the intervention, the better the effect. Early treatment is mainly by physical means. Once medication is needed, on the one hand, it may have side effects on the child's development, and on the other hand, it may not achieve a curative effect.

　ADHD in children cannot be completely cured

　The current intervention methods, including drug treatment and non-drug treatment, are mainly to control symptoms and improve the symptoms of his attention deficit. Just like eye myopia and glasses, make us see more clearly. The child's hyperkinetic energy cannot be improved, and it is more related to his brain development, but if actively treated, it can promote the development of the brain, and this symptom of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder will be less affected in adults.