Depression: the "heart-inspired" that cannot be ignored

Depression is so close to us that celebrities are not more accessible

Authoritative data show that there are currently more than 26 million depression patients in China. Among people over 15 years old in Beijing, the lifetime prevalence of depression is 6.87%. This means that one in 15 people has faced the disease in their lifetime. In China, about 100,000 people are left untreated for depression every year, leading to suicide deaths. The suicide rate is as high as 15%. Therefore, depression is called the "number one mental killer".

　Patient tells

　Patients with depression: Sister Shi 60 years old

　　Once I:

　　　"Because of the unexpected situation in the family and the family, I felt extremely depressed at the time and almost refused to see anyone. Except for my own son, everyone didn't want to see, and felt that life had no hope for me, and I wouldn't think of it With my character and profession, that kind of situation will occur. Almost to the time of very collapse, I feel insomnia every night, I feel chaotic every day, and even do not know the day and night, when I was diagnosed with severe depression and extremely distressed ... .... "

　　Now I:

　　"At the beginning, I repelled the psychiatrist and communicated with other patients. Everyone had similar feelings. But after you have been treated with medicine for a while, then you contact the psychiatrist and suddenly feel like you have opened a window. He won't Tell you right and wrong, right and wrong, but he will tell you a few keywords, through talking, release a lot of your emotions. The doctor will give you some suggestions based on your emotions, which makes me feel a kind of quite cheerful. I ca n’t say chanting initiation, but I have a similar feeling. I think depression is a multi-faceted treatment such as drug therapy, psychological healing, public entertainment, etc. Our patients must also be brave to deal with it actively, and they should not be afraid of illness. Be sure to walk into the hospital. Depression is not irreversible and the treatment is very good.

　　Some people say that depression is a cold of the heart, which means that depression may strike anyone at any time, but it is not as easy to treat as a cold, and its ending is not as easy as a cold. Depression places a heavy burden on patients, families and their societies. How should we prevent depression? What are the misunderstandings about the understanding and understanding of depression? Today, the first issue of the psychiatric series "Sound of the Heart" of the CCTV "Medical Talk": Dr. Xiaohong Li from Anding Hospital was invited to answer your questions about depression.

　　Depression is close to us, not celebrities

　In fact, from clinical observation, evidence-based evidence, and scientific research, it has not been found that depression is high in celebrity groups.

　　Depression is more related to gender, and the incidence of mental illness will be higher in some less educated or less socioeconomic conditions.

　Why is there a celebrity effect? It is because celebrities are more likely to receive public attention. The sudden departure or suicide or accidental death of ordinary people may not cause everyone's special attention, but if it is a celebrity, then this celebrity effect will cause many people to pay attention to this. Illness is a concern, so it seems like celebrities have a higher incidence of depression.

How to distinguish between depression and general depression?

　If you feel that your depression is suffering from depression, this is normal. Because depression is indeed very closely related to the occurrence of depression.

　　You find that your mood is not good, and it lasts for a while, you really need to doubt whether you have this problem, but this does not mean that you are in a bad mood or depression, because depression has many symptoms.

　　In addition to these two main core symptoms, we have many additional symptoms, such as a biological symptom, including our sleep problems, severe insomnia, early awakening, decreased appetite, and changes in thinking, such as suffering from Depressed people will slow down their thinking speed, become very depressed, and have less activity.

　　Many people will have some negative evaluations, their self-evaluation ability is reduced, they are inferior, they feel inferior to others, lose their confidence, and even worse, many people will have extreme thoughts, such as the idea of ​​suicide, and feel that they have not survived. Any value, even a burden on the family and society, at this time there is a great risk to take and implement suicide, these are all symptoms of depression.

　　So depression is not just the same as depression. It has not only symptoms, but also duration. This kind of continuous mood change. In addition, we must rule out many diseases related to mood, such as our most common endocrine diseases, thyroid function decline and other diseases. A comprehensive assessment and consideration is needed to determine whether this person has depression.

How to judge the mild, moderate and severe depression?

　　In terms of symptoms, we must first meet the diagnostic criteria for depression. We must meet more than five such symptoms, and also meet the time standard. Our duration must be at least two weeks, and we must exclude others. A number of other illnesses cause emotional and physical changes. So what is mild to moderate is related to changes in our own body. Simply speaking, moderate to severe depression will definitely have the biological symptoms we say, such as some changes in autonomic nerve function, diet and sleep. The problem is that the physical ability of the body is reduced, and the speed of thinking becomes very slow, so the severity is often accompanied by a serious suicidal idea. If this individual has a serious suicidal idea, he has even already committed suicide. This person It must be severe. There are also some serious psychotic symptoms that we talk about. What is a psychotic symptom? This person is depressed when he is depressed, he may not be confident, and his self-evaluation is reduced, but some people may have extreme thinking content. Change, for example, he feels that my own worthlessness is so sinister.

　　For a small example, I treated a patient many years ago. He is an accountant and has a very strong working ability. When he was depressed, he thought that he had made a dollar error when he was in the balance 20 years ago. At that time, he put this yuan in his own pocket, because it was really impossible to settle the bill, so he added this yuan. Twenty years later, he felt very guilty. He took the initiative to report to the police station, asked the government, and asked the society to punish him This is a very serious depression, and we say that this situation must be severe.

How to prevent suicidal tendency in depression? How to judge the mild, moderate and severe depression?

　　In terms of symptoms, we must first meet the diagnostic criteria for depression. We must meet more than five such symptoms, and also meet the time standard. Our duration must be at least two weeks, and we must exclude others. A number of other illnesses cause emotional and physical changes. So what is mild to moderate is related to changes in our own body. Simply speaking, moderate to severe depression will definitely have the biological symptoms we say, such as some changes in autonomic nerve function, diet and sleep. The problem is that the physical ability of the body is reduced, and the speed of thinking becomes very slow, so the severity is often accompanied by a serious suicidal idea. If this individual has a serious suicidal idea, he has even already committed suicide. This person It must be severe. There are also some serious psychotic symptoms that we talk about. What is a psychotic symptom? This person is depressed when he is depressed, he may not be confident, and his self-evaluation is reduced, but some people may have extreme thinking content. Change, for example, he feels that my own worthlessness is so sinister.

　　For a small example, I treated a patient many years ago. He is an accountant and has a very strong working ability. When he was depressed, he thought that he had made a dollar error when he was in the balance 20 years ago. At that time, he put this yuan in his own pocket, because it was really impossible to settle the bill, so he added this yuan. Twenty years later, he felt very guilty. He took the initiative to report to the police station, asked the government, and asked the society to punish him This is a very serious depression, and we say that this situation must be severe.

　　How to prevent suicidal tendency in depression?

　　In a retrospective survey of suicide death patients, it was found that more than 80% were caused by depression, or that many people may be patients with potential depression. This is indeed a very serious concern in the treatment of depression, and it is a serious threat to patients. A big issue in life safety. So when it comes to the prevention and treatment of suicide, first of all, we have to identify, to be able to identify patients with depression at an early stage, and to give timely diagnosis and treatment, to a great extent can alleviate the risk of suicide in patients.

　When we retrospectively observed or surveyed some data during the lifetime of some patients, we found that many incidents are not significant life events, which may be that they are criticized by the leaders in life and work, criticized by teachers, and may even be severely affected. Some mild corporal punishment, such as being slapped by a teacher. Of course, these are life stimuli, but they are not fatal, but often many people will commit suicide in this situation, so we look back and investigate, and many people are actually suffering With depression, when there is severe depression, people will have serious such deviations in thinking, it will magnify, and his negative ideas will allow him to magnify the negative experiences in his life, thinking that he has no Ways to survive in this society, so we must treat this situation in a timely manner. The first priority is drug therapy intervention. Drug therapy intervention can greatly relieve the patient's depression and reduce the risk of suicide. When necessary, we strongly It is recommended that such patients be hospitalized to reduce his risk of suicide.

20 to 35 years of age　

　

　　In fact, we now find that depression occurs regardless of age, gender, and class. Of course, there are more women than men. So when it comes to teenagers, we need to remind everyone that because current scientific research shows that The age of high incidence of depression should be after 20 years old. The age range of 20 to 35 years is the age of high incidence of depression. Then children and adolescents will also have a lot of depression. It refers to those that occur before the age of 18. Two-way depression and one-way depression. The depression that our people often say is called one-way depression. The diagnosis and treatment are completely different. So for such a child, in addition to drug treatment and psychological treatment, In addition to some physical therapy, it may take a long time to grow psychologically, including psychological intervention. As for how long to take medicine, it depends on his age of onset, his onset time, and the number of his onsets. , And his social support system, such as his family support, etc. First, we must pay attention to a differential diagnosis of such children Because if there is inappropriate treatment intervention, for example, children, adolescents, and patients with bidirectional depression, continuous antidepressants are given. From the current research evidence, there is no good for such children. Efficacy, and even sometimes, inappropriate antidepressant treatment increases the risk of suicide in children and adolescents, so this also suggests that we must treat such children scientifically and standardized. As for how long to take the medicine, I think I should go to a professional institution to consult a professional doctor.

　Causes of depression are complex due to environmental and genetic factors

　From the current scientific data, the cause of depression is very complicated. It is affected by environmental factors and genetic factors. So for susceptible people, first of all, the incidence of women is twice as high as that of men. This is due to the special biological characteristics of women, because depression is a very complex disease that involves the participation of multiple systems such as endocrine and immune, and women experience severe endocrine axes during fertility and menopause. Change, so this is a risk factor for women's susceptibility to depression. Another example is to suffer major life trauma. If a person is in his growth cycle, such as a survey abroad in previous years, if in a year, he has suffered more than four times of negative events of moderate or higher degree, Then the person's risk of depression will be greatly increased. Of course, if this serious traumatic event and traumatic experience happened in the early years, it would also cause great distortions to our psychological growth. For example, this person's personality is very depressed or becomes very sensitive and suspicious. Do things carefully , And his approach to help may change.

　　I just saw a document recently that a person with an extroverted personality and a person with an introverted personality are very different in their risk of suicide. People with introverted personality traits are often not very good at using resources when dealing with problems. They are more an inside story than active help, so this may also cause people with such personality traits to some extent. Risk of depression, or a higher risk of suicide.

Li Xiaohong: Depression is preventable and curable.

　　It should be said that depression is preventable and treatable. For the past two or three decades, everyone has been conducting a lot of research around the prevention and treatment of depression. We say that depression can be treated first, and the early intervention is very effective. Secondly, when it comes to prevention, because prevention is even more important, it can protect us and prevent us from making close contact with disease. In terms of prevention and treatment, the first is to increase mental health knowledge, which is necessary. First of all, you have to know how to do our own mental health maintenance in our normal life, and also help us to avoid depression. Then learn some appropriate decompression methods, such as when you should relax, you should shift your attention When we are working hard, we must go out and do not immerse ourselves in an environment that makes ourselves feel stressed, sleep well, eat a reasonable diet, and do proper exercise. People with introverted personality or people who are not good at handling relationships, learn more about interpersonal communication methods, and actively seek some resourceful help from friends and family around them, all of which help us to stay away from depression. If there are already signs of depression that we talked about earlier, on the one hand, we can do some independent assessments. For example, there are many small methods of assessment on the Internet. We can understand our mental health through such assessments. Say you find that you have some suggestive information, such as reminding you that you have depression, or have even told you that it is moderate or higher. We have to take the initiative to go to a professional institution for medical treatment. You can go to the clinic and professional psychological consultation. Let's talk about it, then do some more professional assessment, you can also go to depression clinics, with the help of professional doctors to improve their emotions.